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Authors
Song, Nixue
Ling, Yun
Zhou, Fan
Fang, Jianqiao
Zhao, Yuanji
Zhao, Tong
Wang, Jiaying
Shen, Xu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82473982)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82273930)
National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (82404733)
Major Program of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (23KJA350002)
Innovation Projects of State Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture (No.NZYSKL240110)
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Article History
Received: 10 October 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: The experiments for animal were adhered to the Institutional Ethical Guidelines on Animal Care at Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Ethics Numbers: 202105A040 and 202204A067). Clinical samples of the SN tissues from DPN patients and healthy individuals were collected at the Chang-Hai Hospital, following the approval from the hospital’s Research Ethics Committee. And the patients’ informed consent was gathered from all participants in accordance with CHEC2023-088 guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
