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Authors
Liu, Xuqian
Chen, Xiao
Wang, Jie
He, Lingxiao
Yin, Shigang
Chen, Li
Tang, Yong
Zheng, Xiaoli
Nie, Minhai
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82401112)
Natural Science Project of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2025ZNSFSC0760)
Innovative Leading Talents Program of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University (2024LJ03)
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Article History
Received: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 6 January 2026
First Online: 16 January 2026
Declarations
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: Fresh normal oral mucosa and oral cancer tissues with different degrees of differentiation were obtained from outpatients and inpatients at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University. These samples were residual tissues remaining after histopathological examination of biopsy specimens. All experiments were conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Ethics Review Committee of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University (Approval No. 20220809001). [All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants prior to sample collection]. Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Southwest Medical University and were conducted in strict accordance with regulations governing animal welfare and ethics (Approval No. 20211116–019).
: Samples of normal oral mucosa and oral cancer with different degrees of differentiation used in this study were collected in accordance with ethical standards. Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
