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Authors
Zhang, Pan
Wang, Jianfeng
Qiu, Zhuping
Wang, Qiang
Wu, Di
Xu, Pengjing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-4920
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (RDF-24-02-100)
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Review Panel of Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (Approval No.: ER-LRR-11000129320250608124838), in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: QW is the CEO and shareholder of Shanghai Doton Future Information Technology Co., Ltd. The other authors declare no competing interests.
