Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2025AFB925)
Key project of Natural Science Foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region (XZ202501ZR0140)
Shannan Science and Technology Plan Project (SNSBJKJJHXM2024023)
National Resource Center for the First-Year Experience and Students in Transition, University of South Carolina (Yz2024179)
the University-level teaching and research project of Yangtze University (JY2024066)
Philosophical and Social Science Research Project of the Education Department of Hubei Province ((25Y117))
Key Project of Social Sciences Fund of Yangtze University (2025csz005)
Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 16 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This paper does not involve research on humans.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare there is no conflict of interest.