Liu, Zhipeng
Wang, Junbin
Wu, Xia
Shi, Hong
Ding, Youming
Liu, Xuejian
Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 4 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study involving human tissues and animal experiments complied with relevant guidelines and regulations. Human RT-qPCR validation on paired hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor and adjacent tissues was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shandong Province (Approval No. DW2025001), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013). All animal procedures (subcutaneous xenografts in BALB/c nude mice) were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shandong Province (Approval No. DW2025001) and adhered to ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines.
: Not applicable. The manuscript does not include any individual person’s data (including images or videos) requiring consent for publication.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.