Martínez-Heredia, Luis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9330-8108
González-Cejudo, Trinidad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7871-7453
Andreo-López, María Carmen https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7452-4387
Contreras-Bolívar, Victoria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-4052
García-Fontana, Cristina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-6022
García-Fontana, Beatriz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4134-5561
Muñoz-Torres, Manuel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9645-3260
Funding for this research was provided by:
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI21/01069)
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CM23/00064)
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP22/00022)
Consejería de Salud y Consumo, Junta de Andalucía (EXC-2023-06)
Consejería de Salud y Consumo, Junta de Andalucía (B-0019-2023)
Consejería de Salud y Consumo, Junta de Andalucía (C-S0033)
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00475)
Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 26 January 2026
First Online: 8 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Granada (Spain) and followed the principles of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The project was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Granada on 01/01/2024 (ref: 1872-N-23). All participants provided oral and written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors have no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. All the authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or nonfinancial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. The authors have no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.