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Authors
Chen, Jiayuan
Fan, Cheng
Wang, Yu
Lei, Yuou
Jiang, Haochuan
Gong, Tianyao
Tang, Chuting
Hong, Dongxi
Cheng, Chuanfang
Mo, Pei
Luo, Chengfeng
Ou, Wenchao
Liu, Shiming
Zhong, Yun
Zhang, Chongyu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82200559)
the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project (2023A04J0586)
the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project (2023A03J0400)
the Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou (2025-2027)
the Innovation Team of General Universities in Guangdong Province (2023KCXTD025)
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Article History
Received: 19 October 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 24 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data use agreement and ethical guidelines. CHARLS data was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University. Ethical approval numbers are IRB00001052-11015 for the main household survey, and IRB00001052-11014 for biomarker collection. This study was in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
