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Authors
Zhao, Yan
Wang, Weihao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-2793
Wang, Zihao
Ma, Jing
Zhang, Jia
Shao, Jian
Zhou, Kaixin
Pan, Qi
Nie, Zedong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6079-9964
Xu, Guogang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6380-3500
Guo, Lixin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-8387
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, Adminitrative Commission of Zhongguancun Science Park (Z221100007422007)
the National key research and development program (2022YFB3203700)
Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2022-1-4051)
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (BJ-2022-193)
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (BJ-2025-171)
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (BJ-2022-120)
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (BJ-2023-104)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7244403)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82370835)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82170848)
Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0508800)
Bethune Charitable Foundation (Z04J2024E120)
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 7 February 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Declarations
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: This is a retrospective study, and informed consent from participants is not required in accordance with relevant research regulations. This study was conducted and approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Hospital in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2025BJYEC-KY039-01).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
