Liao, Yichen
Tan, Xuxin
Peng, Guanglin
Ren, Yan
Liu, Ruixue
Liao, Haitang
Luo, Zhenchun
Cao, Zhezhe
Wu, Yaguang
Ashrafizadeh, Milad
Conde, João https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-6792
Duan, Chenyang
Hu, Jun
Ma, Ruiyan
Article History
Received: 28 November 2025
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Animal studies were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Chongqing Medical University (No.IACUC-SAHCQMU-2025–0150). Consent to participate: not applicable.
: J.C.is a co-founder and shareholder of TargTex S.A. – Targeted therapeutics forGlioblastoma Multiforme. J.C. is a member of the Global Burden Disease (GBD)consortium of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME),University of Washington (US) and is on the Scientific Advisory board of VectorBioscience Cambridge. The other authors have no conflicts of interest todeclare.