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Article History

Received: 24 November 2025

Accepted: 3 April 2026

First Online: 25 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Fujian Medical University Affiliated Longyan First Hospital (Approval No.: LYREC2024-k027-01). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and national ethical guidelines for medical research. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians prior to enrollment, ensuring voluntary participation and confidentiality of personal health information. The study design prioritized patient safety and privacy throughout the research process.

: All animal experiments were performed in compliance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and were approved by Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute (Approval No.: MI-20250051). All efforts were made to minimize animal suffering and to reduce the number of animals used in the experiments.

: All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of this manuscript for publication. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants (or their legal guardians) for the publication of anonymized data derived from their clinical samples in this study.

: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.