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Authors
Cheng, Pengfei
Qiang, Yuanming
Sun, Changjiang
Xie, Changzhi
Duan, Binwei
Ouyang, Yabo
Li, Guangming https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3311-1108
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0502400)
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Article History
Received: 24 March 2026
Accepted: 14 August 2026
First Online: 24 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The collection of paired HCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues from 16 patients was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University (Approval No. LL-2024-128-K), with written informed consent obtained from all participants. Additionally, the use of a commercial HCC TMA was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Shanghai Weiao Biotech Co., Ltd. (Approval No. IRBS-LivHCC964-25-007). All procedures involving human participants were performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsink.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
