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Authors
de Jonge, Jelleke B. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6847-4409
de Roock, Sytze https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7281-1304
Grundhoefer, Nele
Marshall, Deborah A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-8008
Vastert, Sebastiaan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-0949
Yeung, Rae S. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-725X
Benseler, Susanne M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-3638
Swart, Joost F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2759-2822
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Huber, Adam
Lang, Bianca
DeCoste, Chelsea
Stringer, Elizabeth
Ramsey, Suzanne
Rosenberg, Alan
Neufeld, Kate
Jariwala, Mehul
Kerr, Tristan
Mosoiu, Alexander
Rachlis, Alisa
Xu, Amy
Cheng, Arthur
Jebb, Brenleigh
Feldman, Brian
Pereira, Bruno
Levy, Deborah
Dissanayake, Dilan
Limenis, Elizaveta
Rozenblyum, Evelyn
Cheng, Harper
Lee, Jennifer Ji Young
Spiegel, Lynn
Schneider, Rayfel
Laxer, Ronald
Verstegen, Ruud
Tse, Shirley
Duong, Trang
Human, Andrea
Cabral, David
Tam, Herman
Guzman, Jaime
Morishita, Kim
Houghton, Kristin
Tucker, Lori
Chan, Mercedes
Petty, Ross
Gerschman, Tommy
Royen-Kerkhof, Annet van
Prakken, Berent
Nieuwenhove, Erika Van
Jansen, Marc
Wulffraat, Nico
Duffy, Ciarán
Luca, Nadia
Jurencak, Roman
Tal, Tala El
LeBlanc, Claire
Chédeville, Gaëlle
Lahiry, Piya
Scuccimarri, Rosie
Campillo, Sarah
Hutchinson, Clare
Basodan, Daniah
Rumsey, Dax G.
Ng, Hon Yan
McColl, Jeanine
Lim, Lillian
McGrath, Tara
Brinkman, Danielle
Muller, Petra Hissink
Legger, Elizabeth
Armbrust, Wineke
Schatorje, Ellen
Hoppenreijs, Esther
Boudes, Elodie
Currie, Gillian
Schmeling, Heinrike
Dhalla, Muhammed
Johnson, Nicole
Miettunen, Paivi
Sran, Ravneet
Stevenson, Rebeka
Demirkaya, Erkan
Park, Jonathan
Berard, Roberta
Schonenberg-Meinema, Dieneke
Biesbroek, Giske
Gruppen, Mariken
Berg, J. Merlijn van den
Soon, Gordon
Cafazzo, Joseph
Heale, Liane
Batthish, Michelle
Cellucci, Tania
Lim, Lily
IJzerman, Maarten
Twilt, Marinka
Verkaaik, Marleen
Pelt, Philomine van
Kamphuis, Sylvia
Kip, Michelle
Blanchette, Nickolas
Dancey, Paul
Geus, Regina de
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Genome Canada (grant number OGI-150)
Genome Canada (grant number OGI-150)
Genome Canada (grant number OGI-150)
Genome Alberta
University of Calgary/ Alberta Childrens Hospital Foundation, Canada
ZonMw (grant number 848,006,001)
ZonMw (grant number 848,006,001)
Longstanding Support Program LLP10 of the Dutch Arthritis Foundation
Dutch Arthritis Foundation (ReumaNederland), Netherlands
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant number 381,280)
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant number 381,280)
Ontario Genomics
The Arthritis Society, Canada
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Article History
Received: 26 May 2026
Accepted: 2 September 2026
First Online: 12 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All patients participating in the UCAN CAN-DU study provided informed consent. The study was approved by the Institutional Research Ethical Board of the University Medical Centre Utrecht (no. 18–474) for the Netherlands and by the Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board, University of Calgary for Canada (REB17-1563) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: S.J. Vastert reports consulting, funding grants, and speaking fees from Sobi; consulting and speaking fees from Novartis. R.S.M. Yeung reports consulting fees from Sobi. J.F. Swart reports consulting fees, funding grants, and lecture fees from Pfizer; advisory fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb. S.M. Benseler declares lecture fees from Novartis. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
