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Article History

Received: 3 August 2023

Accepted: 19 January 2024

First Online: 1 February 2024

Declarations

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: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) brain samples were obtained for diagnostic purposes from two fatal HSE patients, including one adult HSV-1- and one neonatal HSV-2-associated HSE case. The brain samples were provided by the BioBank of the Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam, The Netherlands). According to the institutional “Opt‐Out” system, which is defined by the National “Code of Good Conduct” [Dutch: Code Goed Gebruik, May 2011], these surplus human brain tissues were made available for the current study. Human fetal brain tissue was obtained from legally terminated second trimester pregnancies (17–20 weeks) by the HIS-Mouse Facility of Academic Medical Center (AMC; Amsterdam, The Netherlands), after written informed consent of the mother for the tissue’s use in research and with approval of the Medical Ethical Review Board of the AMC (MEC-2003-038) and the Erasmus MC (MEC-2017-009). Study procedures were performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki, and in compliance with relevant Dutch laws and institutional guidelines. The fetal brain tissues obtained were anonymized and non-traceable to the donor. On request by the researchers, only gender and gestational age were provided.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.