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Authors
Hofmann, Björn B.
Khan, Dilaware
Fischer, Igor
Hänggi, Daniel
Muhammad, Sajjad
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf. Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts
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Article History
Received: 30 March 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 29 November 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany (study ID: 2020 − 1037_1). Written consent was needed for the participation in this study. The written consent of patients capable of giving informed consent was obtained immediately. Incapacitated patients were initially enrolled in accordance with the ethics approval, and consent was obtained from the patient themselves or their authorized representative at the earliest possible time.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
