Chen, Zheping https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0677-2894
Wu, Qianqian https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2602-7299
Ma, Jiahui
Shi, Yufei
Zhang, Qian
Wu, Huanghui
Zhang, Yuxin
Li, Zhouxiang
Ruan, Xianghan
Xiong, Lize
Cong, Peilin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4522-0272
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82401497)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82301370)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82222019)
“Medicine + X” Interdisciplinary Research Program of Tongji University (2025-0674-ZD-01)
Article History
Received: 3 November 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 11 February 2026
Declarations
:
: All experiments involving animals were conducted according to the ethical policies and procedures approved by the Tongji University’s Animal Care and Use Committee in Shanghai, China (Approval No: TJBH13724508). Cognitive function assessment and blood sample collection, in surgical patients were approved by Peking University Institutional Review Board (Approval No: 00001052–110488), and have been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-TRC-09000543) and Clinical Trials. Gov (identifier: NCT01661907). Each participant received a written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.