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Article History

Received: 12 December 2024

Accepted: 14 July 2025

First Online: 2 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Institut de Recerca en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol) (Research Institute in Primary Health Jordi Gol i Gurina). Ethical approvals were obtained on 2nd of June 2022 (REF. 19/178-P). All activities included in the study were carried out according to existing guidance in ethics as indicated in the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights adopted by UNESCO (19/10/2005); the Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine (1997) and its additional protocol on biomedical research (2005); the Helsinki Declaration (2013) and relevant EU laws (European Parliament and Council Directive 2001/20/EC); the Spanish Law on Biomedical Research (14/2007) and the LOPD (Spanish Law on Personal Data Protection) (3/2018).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare having recently received funds from DIM Protect to support the team’s research on equity and menstrual health in Spain. DIM Protect was not involved in the conceptualization or development of this study. The authors declare no other conflict of interest.