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Network meta-analysis of episiotomy approaches: comparing routine, restrictive, and non-episiotomy strategies and their effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes in primiparous patients

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-025-02132-9

Published Online: 2025-09-16

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Abdelgalil, Mahmoud Shaaban https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7325-0129
Amer, Basma Ehab https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7787-5508
Eldesouky, Elsayed

Darwish, Moaz Yasser

Farag, Elsayed

Mohamed, Attia

Ali, Mohammed

Abdelsalam, Alaa

Hashem, Zeinab Yousef

Elsayed, Esraa

Elsapagh, Reem M.

Badawy, Marwa M.

Abd-ElGawad, Mohamed

Bosilah, Almandouh H.
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

The Science, Technology & Innovation Funding Authority
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-09-16

Version of Record valid from 2025-09-16
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Article History

Received: 21 April 2024

Accepted: 11 August 2025

First Online: 16 September 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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