Article History
Received: 30 April 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, the UK Concordat to Support Research Integrity, and Abertay University’s Research Code of Conduct. Ethical approval was granted by the Faculty of Social and Applied Sciences Research Ethics Committee at Abertay University - Ref EMS9188.
: The authors declare no competing interests.