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Authors
Afulani, Patience A.
Akanlu, Anthony Gerald
Malechi, Hawa
Ali, Moro
Odiase, Osamuedeme J.
Okiring, Jaffer
Ogolla, Beryl
Kinyua, Joyceline
Ongeri, Linnet
Tunçalp, Özge
Aborigo, Raymond A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
UCSF Resource Allocation Program Under-represented Faculty in Clinical and Translational Research Awards
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01 HD110370)
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Article History
Received: 29 January 2025
Accepted: 2 April 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
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: The included studies have been conducted per the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Boards of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and the Navrongo Health Research Center (NHRC) for the validation study and from UCSF, NHRC, and the Kenya Medical Research Institute for the CPIPE trial. All participants gave their consent prior to their participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
