Afrane, Adwoa K.A
Novitsky, Vlad
Hague, Joel
Sagoe, Kwamena
Alhassan, Yakubu
Dame, Joycelyn Assimeng
Martyn-Dickens, Charles
Lartey, Margaret
Goka, Bamenla
Torpey, Kwasi
Kantor, Rami
Kwara, Awewura
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Ghana’s Office of Research Innovation and Development (URGF/14ECG-0052022-2023)
Fogarty International Center at the National Institutes of Health (D43 TW010055)
NIH grant (K24AI134359)
Article History
Received: 8 April 2025
Accepted: 20 June 2025
First Online: 26 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Korle Bu Teaching Hospital ((KBTH-IRB/ 00060/2017) for studies involving humans. Written informed consent, including consent to store and use samples for HIVDR testing, was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of each minor participant before enrolment in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.