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Article History

Received: 23 March 2025

Accepted: 26 June 2025

First Online: 11 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The study adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Since the TriNetX database consists of de-identified data, obtaining written consent from study participants was considered unnecessary. The Western Institutional Review Board granted TriNetX a waiver for informed consent, as this platform only aggregates counts and statistical summaries of de-identified information. Additionally, approval from the China Medical University Hospital Institutional Review Board was not required because only de-identified data were utilized for this retrospective analysis. This study received approval from the Institutional Review Board of the Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Research Ethics Committee (CS2-21176).

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

: The TriNetX platform is a fully de-identified, multinational, cloud-based database that complies with all relevant standards outlined in Section § 164.514(b) (1) of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) as well as ISO 27001:2013. Due to privacy restrictions, data from the TriNetX database is not publicly available. However, the population-level aggregate and de-identified data supporting the findings of this study can be accessed upon reasonable requests to the TriNetX administrators through their website () or by contacting them directly at Privacy@TriNetX.com. Alternatively, the corresponding author can also be reached at doctoraga@gmail.com.

: This study emphasizes the importance of uveitis in HIV patients and the need to address inadequate immune cell reconstitution post-antiretroviral therapy, as well as the critical role of cytomegalovirus in immune reconstitution uveitis.