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Article History

Received: 18 June 2025

Accepted: 10 September 2025

First Online: 11 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital (Approval No. 2023122-001), which provided ethical oversight for research conducted by staff at the Hongkou District Jiaxing Road Subdistrict Community Health Service Center. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to participation.

: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians. No identifiable personal data, images, or videos of participants are included in this manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.