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Authors
Vedachalam, Srividya K. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0188-6420
Rajput, Bhavesh L.
Choudhary, Sushma
Arumugam, Bhuvaneshwari
Shewale, Ajit D.
Mahadevappa, Pallavi D.
Rajagopal, Padma M.
Tiwari, Simmi
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2024
Accepted: 21 March 2025
First Online: 2 April 2025
Declarations
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: This was an observational study using secondary data and carried out with the purpose of describing the epidemiology of the disease, identify at risk populations and hot spot areas and to guide appropriate public health measures as part of the public health response of Karnataka State Health Department and NCDC. Ethical approval was exempted and not applicable as the investigation was conducted as part of public health response and consistent with applicable state and central government law (Epidemic Diseases Act no.3, 1897). The study did not involve any human or animal laboratory sample collection for research purposes, or intervention. Strict data protection protocols reviewed by NCDC, ethical principles and guidelines by the Government of India, and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards were followed during data handling.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
