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Article History

Received: 27 October 2024

Accepted: 27 March 2025

First Online: 7 April 2025

Declarations

:

: This research study was conducted retrospectively from data obtained for clinical purposes. We consulted extensively with the IRB of Geisinger who determined that our study did not need ethical approval. An IRB official waiver of ethical approval was granted from the IRB of Geisinger. Ongoing approvals of the study protocol and research review were provided by the Geisinger Institutional Review Board (IRB#00008345). Informed consent to participate in this study were obtained from the parents and/or legal guardians of all pediatric participants included in this analysis of traumatic dental injuries.

: As this study was a retrospective chart review, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Geisinger institutional review board. All patient data were anonymized and handled in compliance with ethical guidelines to protect confidentiality.

: The authors declare no competing interests.