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Authors
Hu, Xiaoran
Dai, Fengting
Zhao, Mingyu
Wang, Bingyao
Wang, Xinyue
Zheng, Xiaowei
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Article History
Received: 9 June 2025
Accepted: 10 September 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Declarations
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: All CHARLS participants provided written informed consent. The details of the CHARLS data are available at its website ().
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
