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Authors
Zendehtalab, Hamid Reza
Naseri, Sadaf
Farkhani, Ehsan Mousa
Rezaei, Milad https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4438-7250
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
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Article History
Received: 4 August 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Approval No. IR.MUMS.NURSE.REC.1402.068). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of institutional and national research committees and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants after full disclosure of study objectives, procedures, confidentiality assurances, and their right to withdraw at any time without consequences.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
