Chanda, Sanjoy Kumar
Hossain, Meherab
Mondal, Ashik
Rahut, Antora
Hasan, Md. Mehedi
Islam, Md. Shariful
Article History
Received: 15 July 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 9 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The BDHS 2017-18 data, which are publicly available ( ), were used in this study. The initial BDHS 2017-18 protocol received approval from the ICF Institutional Review Board and the Bangladesh Medical Research Council. Since this is a secondary examination of publicly accessible data, there was no need for any further ethical approval. Nevertheless, we acquired authorization to utilize the dataset from the DHS program.
: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and consent to its publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.