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Authors
Materu, Godlisten Shedrack
Nzalawahe, Jahashi
Sengupta, Mita Eva
Stensgaard, Anna-Sofie
Katakweba, Abdul
Vennervald, Birgitte J.
Mosha, Justina
Ndaro, Roza
Kinung’hi, Safari
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Article History
Received: 16 June 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 18 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Research Coordinating Committee of the National Institute for Medical Research in the United Republic of Tanzania (Ref. NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol. IX/3860). A support letter was obtained from Sokoine University of Agriculture. A permission letter was obtained from the study region and districts, as well as from village leaders. An informed consent process was followed before the study commenced to obtain written informed consent from the study participants to participate in the research and for their data to be published.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
