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Article History

Received: 8 September 2025

Accepted: 17 December 2025

First Online: 5 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained through ethical review committee and institutional review board of Army Medical College, NUMS (ERC/ID/440). The study was carried out in compliance with the ethical guidelines suggested by the Declaration of Helsinki that guarantee and encourage respect for all human subjects and safeguard their rights. Participants were given the opportunity to give their voluntarily informed permission and to withdraw at any time without facing any consequences after the research’s goals and purpose were clearly and simply described. The consent form was provided in both English and the local language (Urdu) to ensure that participants fully understood the information before providing consent. The gathered data doesn’t contain any personal information and would not be utilized for any other reasons.

: Consent for publication of anonymized data and research findings was obtained from all participants prior to inclusion in the study through consent form.

: The authors declare no competing interests.