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Integrated evaluation of slum living conditions and health risk assessment of groundwater quality in selected communities of Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-01294-y

Published Online: 2025-12-29

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Adetona, Abdulwaheed A.

Ojekunle, Oluwaseyi Z.

Oloyede, Adejare Razak

Thomas, Opeyemi J.

Taiwo, Adewale M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4522-9488
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-12-29

Version of Record valid from 2025-12-29
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Article History

Received: 8 June 2025

Accepted: 18 December 2025

First Online: 29 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this questionnaire-based study was waived by the University Research Ethics Committee (UREC), Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, as the research involved minimal risk and collected no human biomarkers. The study was conducted in accordance with FUNAAB’s ethical policies and the European Commission’s Twelve Golden Rules to Ethical Research Conduct. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

: All the authors gave their consent to publish the study,

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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