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Authors
Apeh, Chikamso Christian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5133-5746
Apeh, Andrew Chiahalam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6333-2745
Adamu, Yahaya Rukaiya
Mohammed, Dauda
Onyekuru, NwaJesus Anthony https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4095-8718
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Article History
Received: 10 August 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Research Ethics Committee (UAES-REC), Imo State, Nigeria (Approval No.: UAES/PH/2025/014), in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and the guidelines and regulations of the UAES-REC. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participation was voluntary, and respondents were informed about the objectives, procedures, potential risks, and benefits of the research before data collection commenced.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that there are no financial or personal conflicts of interest that could have influenced the findings or interpretation presented in this study.
