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Article History

Received: 15 October 2025

Accepted: 16 January 2026

First Online: 4 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Institutional Review Boards and Jiangsu University Medical Ethics at Jiangsu University in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China, granted ethical permission for the study. It was voluntary to participate, and the first page, before starting to complete the survey, provided pertinent details about the study and its goals. At the start of the online survey, information about the study was provided, and each participant gave their informed consent. By checking a specific checkbox, participants indicated their agreement and gained access to the survey. According to the guidelines outlined in Organic Law 3/2018 of December 4th concerning Personal Data Protection and Guarantee of Digital Rights, adherence to the principles of anonymity was guaranteed. Throughout the investigation, the Helsinki Declaration’s ethical guidelines were followed.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.