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Article History

Received: 8 September 2025

Accepted: 21 January 2026

First Online: 3 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the National and International ethical guidelines. This research was approved by local ethics approval committee of Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh (Ref: NSTU/SCI/EC/2022/100) and Research Ethics Management System of the Australian National University (Protocol number: 2022/643). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection and interview. Participants were provided with a participants’ information sheet explaining the study objectives, procedures and their rights by the interviewer. Participation was entirely voluntary and participants were informed of their full right to withdraw from the study at any stage of the interview without any consequences.

: Not applicable, as the study does not contain any individuals’ personal data in an identifiable form.

: The authors declare no competing interests.