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Authors
Mohammad, Luay M.
Anied, Ayad Abbas
Ali, Sabah Namik
El Din, Suhiala Shams
Abdelkarim, Zainab
Jalal, Mohammad Ali
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Article History
Received: 13 August 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 8 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was overseen by the relevant public health authorities. Ethical approval was obtained from the Iraqi Research Ethics Committee at the National Center for Training and Human Development, Kirkuk Health Directorate, Iraqi Ministry of Health (MOH) (IRB No. 944/4-2024). This approval included authorization to conduct the study within the institutions of the Kirkuk Health Directorate. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before their enrollment in the study. The collected data did not include names, photographs, or any other personally identifiable information of healthcare workers, thereby ensuring confidentiality and protection of participants’ privacy.
: All authors agreed to the publication of the manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
