Sultana, Syeda Naheed https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0214-1291
Mousum, Sabrina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8512-4739
Chowdhury, Taslima https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7480-5388
Haque, M. Atiqul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-2550
Funding for this research was provided by:
Partially funded by Bangladesh Medical University (Former BSMMU).
Article History
Received: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 1 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles and received approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Bangladesh Medical University (former BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh (Memo number: BSMMU/2021/8654 A). The study did not involve the use of human organs or biological samples, and no physical interventions were performed. Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained throughout the research process, with personal identifiers removed from all data. The research adhered to the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring the protection and welfare of all participants. As a human study, all participants provided informed consent prior to their involvement. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences.
: Not applicable, as no identifying information, photographs, or personal identifiers of participants are included in the manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.