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Authors
Alajaimi, Bayan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5983-3793
Matar, Ebrahim
Almuhafdha, Zahra
Mohamed, Afaf https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2376-8998
Alawadhi, Mohamed Abdulmajeed
Alsaloom, Raja
Jawad, Habib
Alsayyad, Adel
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Article History
Received: 30 November 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 25 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study adhered to the Helsinki Declaration and received approval from Bahrain’s Ministry of Health, Research and Ethics Committee (approval number AUPH-2025-HA-24) prior to data collection.
: Not applicable.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants electronically before completing the questionnaire. The first page of the online questionnaire included a paragraph outlining the study’s objectives, importance, procedures, and participants’ right to withdraw at any time, ensuring they were fully informed about the study details before proceeding.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
