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Article History

Received: 16 September 2025

Accepted: 11 February 2026

First Online: 9 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was granted by the local health ethics committee of the Duhok General Directorate of Health, Duhok City. The study protocol was registered on 21 August 2022 under reference number 21082022-6-3.

: The included nurses provided their consent to participate in the study verbally and through the signing of the consent form before filling out the questionnaire.

: We obtained the consent of the nurses to publish these data before filling the questionnaire.

: The nurses were free to participate in the study. The study was conducted according to the Modified Declamations of Helsinki. The protocol of this study was approved by the University of Duhok. The ethical approval of this study was obtained from the local health ethics committee of the Duhok General Directorate of Health in Duhok City. The protocol was registered as 21082022-6-3 in 21 Aug. 2022.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.