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Article History

Received: 26 October 2025

Accepted: 14 February 2026

First Online: 27 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in full compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki (2024 update), which provides guidelines for medical research involving human participants. Ethical approval was given by the University of Health and Allied Sciences Research Ethics Committee (UHAS-REC A.10[136]22-23). In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, all living participants provided free and informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study. Participants were informed about the study’s purpose, their right to withdraw at any time without consequences, and the confidentiality of the data collected. Additional approval was obtained from the Ga-South Municipal Health Directorate and the Weija-Gbawe Municipal Hospital. The study adhered to all relevant ethical guidelines concerning informed consent, data protection, and participant welfare as outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.