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Article History

Received: 22 July 2025

Accepted: 16 February 2026

First Online: 22 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study involving human participants was reviewed and approved by the University of Kerbala’s Institutional Review Board (IRB #2025-05-14). The study protocol was performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent to participate in this study. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were presented with information about the study and provided digital consent before proceeding with the anonymous online questionnaire.

: This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any identifiable form.

: The authors declare no competing interests.