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Authors
Juraev, Jasur Ravshanovich https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2061-4330
Zhaoqing, Lyu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-0058
Menglin, Fan
Mirzaev, Ulugbek Khudayberdievich https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2986-5660
Mutalov, Boburjon Bakhramovich https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0437-3723
Yuldashev, Rustam Mardiyevich https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5603-7777
Rasulov, Shomurod Makhmudovich https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1756-2100
Shukurov, Shuxrat Utkurovich https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5011-4097
Kouji, Harada https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7319-123X
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Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 19 February 2026
First Online: 2 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This study analyzed retail smokeless tobacco products purchased in public markets and involved no human participants, personal data, or animals.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
