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Article History

Received: 18 December 2025

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 31 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee at Palestine Ahliya University (IRB: CAMS/BSN/4/9726). In addition, administrative authorization to conduct the study and collect data was granted by the Palestinian Ministry of Health. The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and all relevant institutional and national ethical guidelines. Participation in this study was entirely voluntary. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participating nurses prior to completing the questionnaire. Participants were informed of the study purpose and their right to withdraw at any time without any consequences. Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained by removing all personal identifiers and securely storing coded data, which were accessible only to the research team.

: This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos); therefore, individual consent for publication is not applicable. All authors have reviewed the final version of the manuscript and give their full consent for its publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.