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Authors
Ugbe, Ugbe Maurice-Joel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3690-0740
Ezekiel, Edican Victoria
Elechi, Natalie Favour
Ugwuanyi, Chiamaka Doris
Ekam, Mbekha Sunday
Ibor, Grace Ofem
Okoi, Yojorsam Stephen
Okoi-Ugbe, Faith Ubi
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Article History
Received: 6 September 2025
Accepted: 16 March 2026
First Online: 29 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics and Research Committee of the Public Health Department, University of Calabar (UC/CM/PUH/ETH/2603). Before the survey, preliminary visits were conducted in the study areas, and informed consent was obtained from participants. To maintain confidentiality, all data and information that were gathered through completed questionnaires were also safeguarded to prevent unauthorized access by third parties. The entire study was carried out in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: Not applicable.
: Before the survey, preliminary visits were conducted in the study areas, and informed consent was obtained from participants. Participants were assured of their voluntary participation and the option to withdraw from the study at any point without facing any repercussions.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
