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Authors
Mailafiya, Maryam M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-2288
Danjuma, Ahmadu
Mamza, Joshua
Maidamma, Samira
Miriam, Mamman
Mahmood, Hauwa M.
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Article History
Received: 26 November 2025
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 17 May 2026
Declarations
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: The protocol was approved by the Federal Capital Territory Health Research Ethics Committee (FCT-HREC), Abuja, Nigeria (Approval Number: FHRE/2025/01/235/11-08-25). The study was conducted in accordance with the National Code of Health Research Ethics of Nigeria and in compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. Participation was entirely voluntary, and respondents were informed of their right to withdraw at any stage without penalty. Confidentiality and anonymity of participants were strictly maintained and protected. No personally identifiable information was collected or disclosed, and all data was anonymized and securely stored. Clinical Trial Number: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
