Mostofa, Istiak
Al Mamun, Abdullah
Musfika, Jannat Ara
Kulsum, Sayeda
Islam, Md. Raju
Khatun, Tupura
Asaduzzaman, Md. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-961X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (economic year 2022-2023, Biology Group, with Grant ID 132)
Article History
Received: 21 June 2025
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 24 May 2026
Declarations
:
: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The study protocols were reviewed and approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology approved the study protocol, titled "People's Republic of Bangladesh (Group: Biology, Medical Science, and Nutrition Science; Project ID: 132; Economic Year: 2022–2023)," and the State University of Bangladesh.
: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects (the owner or senior staff member of each stall) after a full explanation of the study objectives, procedures, voluntary nature of participation, right to withdraw at any time without consequence, and the strict anonymity measures. No written consent forms were used, as this could have created a traceable record. Consent was witnessed by two members of the research team and documented in the coded field notes. All information about the study participants remains strictly confidential. No children are participating in this study. There is no human tissue involved in this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.