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Article History

Received: 3 December 2025

Accepted: 20 May 2026

First Online: 10 June 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Review Board of Mining Engineering Department, Aditya University (Ref. No. AU-MIN/RB/GENERAL/2025-26/042, dated 15.04.2025). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations prescribed by the Department Review Board. The review board recognized that the study involved non-invasive data collection limited to measurement of vibration exposure and questionnaire-based assessment during routine day-to-day work activities, and did not involve any clinical procedures, medical interventions, or intrusive methods. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study, and informed consent was obtained prior to data collection. The confidentiality of participants’ personal information was strictly maintained, and no personally identifiable data were recorded or disclosed.

: Written informed consent for the publication of identifiable images has been obtained from the participant depicted in Fig.  .

: The authors declare no competing interests.