Document is current

Article History

Received: 21 March 2026

Accepted: 10 June 2026

First Online: 1 July 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Uganda Christian University Research Ethics Committee (UCUREC 2024 − 889) and registered with the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant national and institutional guidelines and regulations. This was a retrospective study using anonymised routine surveillance data stored in the District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) database managed by the Ministry of Health, Uganda. No individual consent was required. Access to the data was granted by the Ministry of Health, Uganda.

: Not applicable. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of routinely collected secondary data from the national Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response system. It does not involve prospective enrolment of participants or any experimental intervention and therefore does not meet the definition of a clinical trial requiring registration.

: Artificial intelligence tools were used for grammar refinement. The authors performed critical review and assume responsibility for the final manuscript.

: The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the Ministry of Health or affiliated institutions.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.