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Authors
Talukdar, Poushaly https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-4571
Shekhar, Chander https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6090-8470
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Article History
Received: 30 March 2026
Accepted: 3 July 2026
First Online: 10 July 2026
Declarations
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: The paper uses secondary data (NFHS-5) for analysis which is available free of cost on public domain of the DHS Program website. The NFHS-5 survey has been jointly reviewed and approved by the ICF International Institutional Review Board (IRB) and the International Institute For Population Sciences (IIPS). Therefore, no further ethical approval was required for this study. All respondents who participated in the NFHS-5 survey provided informed written consent. Individual-level responses are confidential and de-identified in the publicly released dataset.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
