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Authors
Metta, Emmy
Muhihi, Alfa
Wang, Dongqing
Pembe, Andrea B.
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Article History
Received: 3 September 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2026
First Online: 24 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received ethical approval from the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Institutional Review Board (MUHAS-REC-06-2023-1750) and the National Health Research Ethics Committee (NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol. IX/4382). It was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. All study participants provided written informed consent to participate in the study.
Patient and public involvement: Patients and/or the public did not participate in the design, conduct, reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
