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Authors
Okab, Ammar Abbas
Al-Ganmi, Ali Hussein Alek
Noori, Aysen K. M.
Jawad, Ahmed Kadhim
Al-Attar, Wafaa M.
Kareem, Hasan Naeem
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Article History
Received: 17 February 2026
Accepted: 7 July 2026
First Online: 24 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The Ethical Approval Committee of the of Middle Technical University granted formal approval for conducted this study (Ethics approval number: Reference number: 44‑2024). The study’s ethical protocols adhere to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants on a free and voluntary basis, using clear and simple language; detailing the aims of the survey, the voluntary nature of participation, and data confidentiality.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
