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Authors
Munala, Leso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1816-2991
Allen, Elizabeth M.
Frederick, Andrew J.
Ngunjiri, Anne
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
GHR Foundation, Innovative Scholarship Grant.
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2026
First Online: 14 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the St. Catherine University Institutional Review Board (P#1930), AMREF Health Africa (approval number: ESRC PI488/2023), and the National Commission for Science, Technology, and Innovation (license number NACOSTI/P/23/29586). This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. As this study involved minors, we obtained both parental/guardian written informed consent and adolescent written assent. Participants were provided with a participant information sheet about the study which detailed what we would do with the data and explained their right to withdraw from the study and gave written consent before taking part.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
